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AMERICAN voters have broken with the nation's history of racial divisions and overwhelmingly elected Barack Obama as the United States' first black president, turning to a young Democratic senator to lead a country weary from war, economic turmoil and eight years of Republican rule.本科

Obama, embracing a message of change, tore up the US political map as he defeated John McCain, the Republican senator who struggled in vain to distance himself from George W. Bush's presidency, which has grown as unpopular at home as it is abroad.

The election of Obama, the son of a black man from Kenya and a white woman from Kansas, marked a turning point for a nation haunted by a legacy of slavery and legal segregation of the races.

"If there is anyone out there who still doubts that America is a place where all things are possible who still wonders if the dream of our founders is alive in our time who still questions the power of our democracy, tonight is your answer," Obama told a crowd of about 240,000 supporters in Chicago's Grant Park.

"Change has come to America."

Preparations for an Obama presidency were already underway yesterday. With just 75 days until the inauguration, Obama is expected to move quickly to begin assembling a White House staff and selecting Cabinet nominees.

When Obama takes office on January 20 as the 44th US president, he may face more difficult challenges both at home and abroad than any American leader since the Great Depression. But he will do so with many allies in Congress, as his Democratic Party expanded its majorities in both chambers. And he will take office with broad popular support.

He scored a decisive win in the electoral vote, the state-by-state tally that determines the winner.

Obama needed only 270 votes to claim the presidency, but sailed to victory with 349 to McCain's 147, with three states still too close to call. Voter turnout, still being counted, was expected to shatter records.

Supporters welcomed Obama's victory with delirious celebrations in cities across the US, as supporters cheered, danced and cried. In Washington, hundreds took to the streets near the White House, carrying balloons, banging drums and chanting "Bush is gone!" Along U Street, once known as America's Black Broadway, men stood on car roofs, waving American flags and Obama posters.

Obama's victory marked the rise of a new generation of American leadership, after 16 years of presidents who came of age during the Vietnam War era. Obama. 47, was still a child when most US troops came home.

It was also Americans' final, symbolic rejection of Bush's presidency.

Bush's popularity soared after the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, then collapsed with his administration's bungled response to Hurricane Katrina in 2005, the war in Iraq, and to the regulatory lapses that many think led to the US financial crisis.

The 2008 race was the longest, most expensive and most riveting in memory. Both Obama and McCain had been on the campaign trail for almost two years.

McCain called his former rival to concede defeat and mark the end of his 10-year quest for the White House. "The American people have spoken, and spoken clearly," McCain told disappointed supporters in Arizona.

"This is an historic election, and I recognize the special significance it has for African-Americans and the special pride that must be theirs tonight," he said. "These are difficult times for our country. And I pledge to him tonight to do all in my power to help him lead us through the many challenges we face."

Bush added his congratulations from the White House and promised a smooth transition. "What an awesome night for you," he told Obama soon after the result.

Obama has said he will try to withdraw US troops from Iraq in 16 months and has called for a new opening to American adversaries, such as Iran and Cuba. He has urged the closing of the Guantanamo Bay prison and favors cap-and-trade systems to reduce global warming.

Internationally, Obama is popular. Part of his appeal is his personal story that highlights American multiculturalism: besides his Kenyan father, he has a half-sister who is the daughter of an Indonesian.

Obama promised Americans hope and change throughout a nearly flawless 21-month campaign for the White House, offering a message of unity.

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